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Lots of other Scientologist-run services and organizations belong to the umbrella company World Institute of Scientology Enterprises (WISE), which accredits using Hubbard's management doctrines, and flows directory sites of WISE-affiliated companies. WISE needs those who wish to become Hubbard management speaks with to finish training in Hubbard's administrative systems; this training can be undertaken at any Church of Scientology, or at one of the campuses of the Hubbard College of Administration, which uses a Partner of Applied Science Degree.


Another widely known WISE-affiliated organization is e. Republic, a publishing company based in Folsom, California. e. Republic publications consist of Government Technology and Converge magazines. The Center for Digital Government is a division of e. Republic that was established in 1999. Internet ISP EarthLink was established by Scientologists Sky Dayton and Reed Slatkin as a Scientology business.




This section requires growth. You can assist by including to it. In order to help with the continued expansion of Scientology, the Church has actually made efforts to win allies in the type of effective or reputable people. Scientology Perth. Though it has achieved some credibility as a faith in many nations, Scientology has actually likewise been referred to as both a cult and an industrial enterprise.

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For example, it has been noted to take part in harassment and abuse of civil courts to silence its critics, by recognizing as Level playing field individuals it views as its enemies. In 1979, several Scientology members were convicted for their participation in the church's Operation Snow White, the biggest theft of government files in U.S.


Scientologists were likewise convicted of fraud, murder and tampering with witnesses in French cases, destructive libel against attorney Casey Hill and espionage in Canada. In his book World Faiths in America, spiritual scholar Jacob Neusner states that Scientology's "high level of visibility" may be perceived as "threatening to developed social institutions".


From 1952 until 1966, Scientology was administered by an organization called the Hubbard Association of Scientologists (HAS ACTUALLY), developed in Arizona on September 10, 1952. In 1954, the HAS became the HASI (HAS International). The Church of Scientology was incorporated in California on February 18, 1954, altering its name to "The Church of Scientology of California" (CSC) in 1956.

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In 1967, the Internal Revenue Service stripped all US-based Scientology entities of their tax exemption, stating Scientology's activities were business and operated for the advantage of Hubbard. Debate followed the church on those years, however its development continued in the 1960s. New churches were formed in Paris (1959 ), Denmark (1968 ), Sweden (1969 ), and Germany (1970 ).


Centers of you can look here Scientology were in 52 nations by the time the 80s can be found in and grew to 74 by 1992. The church sued and lost consistently for 26 years attempting to restore its tax-exempt status. The case was eventually settled in 1993, at which time the church paid $12. 5 million to the IRSgreatly less than IRS had initially demandedand the IRS recognized the church as a tax-exempt not-for-profit company.


Scientology mentions its tax exemption as proof the United States government accepts it as a faith. In January 2009, removal of the tax exemption was rated as number 9 in products for the incoming Barack Obama administration to investigate, as figured out in an internet poll run by the governmental shift group soliciting public input for the incoming administration.

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State Department has criticized Western European nations for discrimination versus Scientologists in its published annual International Religious Liberty report, based upon the International Religious Flexibility Act of 1998. In some countries Scientology is dealt with lawfully as a commercial business, and not as a religion or charitable organization. [] In early 2003, in Germany, The Church of Scientology was approved a tax-exemption for the 10% license costs sent out to the United States. The word Scientology (and numerous related terms, including L. Ron Hubbard) is a registered trademark. Religious Innovation Center, the owner of the trademarks and copyrights, takes a tough line on people and groups who try to use it in ways unaffiliated with the official Church (see Scientology and the legal system).


Ron Hubbard selected Mary Sue Hubbard to take control of specific aspects of legal security for the CoS in 1968 and the Office of The Guardian was created with its head workplace located at Saint Hill Extra resources Manor - Scientology Perth. Under The Guardian's Workplace (later renamed the Office of Unique Affairs or OSA), Church members and contracted personnel from Bureau One later organized and devoted one of the largest penetration of United States federal firms ever perpetrated by an organization not affiliated with a foreign federal government (that is, one such as the KGB).


In the trial which followed the discovery of these activities the prosecution explained their actions as such: The criminal offense committed by these accuseds is of a breadth and scope previously unprecedented. No building, workplace, desk, or file was safe from their snooping and spying. No individual or company was devoid of their despicable conspiratorial minds.

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The Church has also in the past made use of aggressive tactics in dealing with those it sees as trying to reduce them, understood as Suppressive Individuals (SPs) first described by Hubbard as part of a policy called level playing field. Church of Scientology more tips here Perth. It was under this policy that Paulette Cooper was targeted for having actually authored, a 1970 expositions book about the Church and its creator.


Using blank paper known to have actually been dealt with by Cooper, Scientologists forged bomb threats in her name. When finger prints on them matched hers, the Justice Department began prosecution, which could have sent Cooper to prison for a prolonged term. The Church's plan was discovered at the same time as its Operation Snow White actions were exposed.